How Much Meat? Not much.

 It's a total misconception that the paleo diet is a meaty diet. The paleo diet recognizes the unique place of meat in our evolution and its power to nourish and heal. However, the paleo diet does not need to involve any more meat than the average American already eats. In fact, it can include less. Some days I don't eat any meat, I eat fish or the remnants of meat cooked the day before in the form of stock or rendered fat. Paleolithic people ate meat when they could, but they probably also would have had meatless days. 

Since I pretty much only eat local meat from farmers I grow, it would be financially impossible to eat zero carb. I also think it's unnecessary and possibly harmful, as Don at Primal Wisdom has underscored in several of his posts. You also really don't need that much protein, though certainly more than some raw vegans would have you believe. 

That's OK...there are probably hundreds of vegetables, fruits, and nuts I can draw on to make delicious meals free from stomach-irritating grains. Here is what I ate tonight. It looks vegetarian, but actually the taste and nutritional value have been boosted by the power of chicken confit. One chicken became many many meals. I saved the leftover fat and then made stock with the bones. It's a good example of how thrifty paleo cooking can be. 

A reporter asked me how I reconcile working for an sustainable agriculture/environmental organization with paleo. Well, for those of you not in the know, there has been a BIG move towards meat in this world as experts have recognized that locally raised pastured meat is WAY more sustainable than some quinoa grown with oil based fertilizer in another country or some factory processed soy burger. I've written plenty about this. Very few experts in agriculture are vegans. Most people promoting plant based diets as "green" have a degree in English and not much common agrarian sense. 

But I also eat my meat more sustainably than most because I eat offal, ALL the fat, and the bones. If I don't I feel bad. Farmers worked hard and animals gave their lives to bring me my food, after all. 

Here are some potatoes roasted in the fat + some kale sauteed in the fat with garlic. Yum. Some paleos around potatoes because of the insulin response, but I am not paleo for weight loss or insulin problems, so I eat them. Here is a great post about paleo and potatoes.

How about some squash curry? Butternut squash sauteed in some fat with some hand ground garam masala. Then I threw in some local frozen tomato puree, the stock, some hot peppers, some ground ginger, and simmered it until the squash was soft.

Or some mushrooms simmered in the stock then finished with the fat?

My boyfriend doesn't like to eat much meat, so meals like this are perfect for us. Filling, delicious, and the vitamins and minerals were more bioavailable because they were consumed with fat. We also ate a beet salad with walnuts. Overall the amount of meat I ate today was smaller than a deck of cards. I'll probably have more meat tomorrow, but it's unrealistic to think that paleolithic man would have had a good hunt every day. 

I can't forget my rule of thumb for vegetables: always a 1:1 or more ratio of fat to vegetables :)

Comments

Nice post and great blog. You

Nice post and great blog. You are a very articulate and talented writer.

It is possible to do "zero" carb and keep the protein levels moderate. The current crop of "zero" carbers aren't the historical norm.

It is not really insulin that is the issue but chronically elevated insulin. There is a world of difference.

Nutritionally speaking I consider fish to be just like meat when included in a diet. The humaneness of how animal foods are harvested is a separate question in my book.

Still, no matter how you cut it, fat rocks, especially saturated fat. :-)

Amen, Michael! I was going to

Amen, Michael! I was going to respond to Melissa's response on my comment, but you've said what I was going to say. Fish aren't plants. Just because you don't get warm & fuzzies about fish doesn't make them any less of an animal.

Most zero carbers I know keep their protein intake to the recommended ranges (around 1g protein per kg bodyweight, no more than 250g protein for toxicity avoidance). They get a good 75%+ calories from fat. Wonderful for fat loss, given the metabolic advantage (check out Dr Eades' post series showing just that - the latest is http://www.proteinpower.com/drmike/weight-loss/ac-fat-loss-bible-critiqu...)

It's also interesting to consider that we lived through an Ice Age, where any plant life was most probably buried deep within snow and ice. Amazing stuff. No wonder the surviving genome is best suited to running on fat and protein - we had to! Nom nom nom...

I think the fish = meat crowd

I think the fish = meat crowd thing misses the spiritual aspect of eating. I've raised and slaughtered animals. It's not fun and it makes me pause before goshing on that beef. Besides that they both have protein, eating fish and eating meat are different experiences for me.

Humans are designed to care

Humans are designed to care about warm-blooded animals, particularly the young, as they're similar to our own off-spring.

Fish and reptiles are, of course, cold-blooded, so there isn't that innate instinct, but we can still form bonds with those animals if we misdirect our affections onto our pets (like so many do towards dogs & cats). To argue that fish lie beyond the 'spiritual animal realm' would really offend people who care about those creatures. To refer to them as little more than plants is still bizarre to me.

I've raised and slaughtered animals too. It's not meant to be fun. Giving birth / delivering the young of animals is also not fun. But it has a crucial purpose in the circle of life. I've even been in a pretty devastating position of having to shoot my own dog through the head since it was routinely attacking sheep on our property. When you have to take those kinds of actions to protect animals with which you have less of a sentimental/spiritual connection, it clarifies your perspective on the wider purpose of animals and our relationship to them. And when I know how much love and discomfort and effort has gone into producing the meat on my plate, I'm damn well going to appreciate every nourishing bite.

Catching fish can involve all of the same issues, although the relationship between human and fish is less invasive. Workers at fish farms can still form bonds, and experience the nurturing position of having animals need you for their survival. Although I eat wild-caught fish when I can (and think about the work involved in catching them), I respect the life of those animals just as much as the ones munching on grass at my parent's farm. I also eat wild-caught kangaroo - should they be considered lesser animals because they weren't raised by humans?

great post, thank you

great post, thank you Melissa.

Confit here in France is BIG - cans of it take up three shelves in the supermarket, I am going to try and make my own from now on though, and in addition to your seasonality post you just wrote, would it be fair to say that paleo man probably survived on fat and meat/fish exclusively during the winter months (by stretching it out)?

The way of cooking here in France also emphasizes stretching the meat to as many meals as possible....stocks, soups, confits, roasted pig fat, pig ears, feet and of course the innards....which I love. Even the blood is made into a sausage. This kind of eating as you say, well I feel bad not eating this stuff.....

thanks again.

There are still some plants

There are still some plants that paleo man could have gathered in the winter. When I lived in Sweden, I often found berries frozen in the snow. They were a delicious treat. I also boiled pine needles into tea. Many Native American tribes dug for tubers in the winter. But the biggest part of the diet in the winter in the paleolithic would have definitely been animal.

Right now it's 60 degrees outside. Not really feeling the desire to braise anything anymore.

When you say "a 1:1 ratio of

When you say "a 1:1 ratio of vegetables to fat," do you mean in terms of calories? or weight of the food (eg grams)? or what?

Calories. But the point is to

Calories. But the point is to just be really ample with the fat! It helps you absorb the vitamins in veggies AND it's tasty.

That mushroom dish looks

That mushroom dish looks great.
I love mushroom - when you have that, you don't need meat indeed.

Plus, there is no single 'the

Plus, there is no single 'the paleo diet'. That's completely dependent on which the area of the world the human was living. Depending on where Paleo Man was, he may not have plant matter available for consumption every day, year-round. Have a look at Matt Metzgar's recent discussion of Winter Metabolism on his blog - it may well be best for us, depending on ancestry and genetic adaptation, to limit our ingestion of plant matter during periods where our body would be 'confused' by them. I know you know that, since you've done your 'what the body expects' series, so don't lose sight of that when downplaying meat as the potentially primary form of sustenance throughout human evolutions.

If paleo man didn't have a good hunt one day, he'd end up fasting, which would kick up his energy and focus so that he was more likely to succeed the next day. Ever tried it?

(And what's the deal with "some days I don't even eat meat. I eat fish..." Fish is meat. As long as it's wild-caught, anyway. Farmed fish is just garbage in scale packaging.) ;)

I don't think fasting all day

I don't think fasting all day is very nourishing for me. I have been doing paleo for a long time and it's been successful. If I lost any more weight I would have to buy new clothes and I'd rather spend my money on meat.

All the plants I ate yesterday are local and in season in my region, except the tomato sauce. Plus, almost all the calories in these dishes come from animal fat.

I do paleo for autoimmune issues. I would advise people doing it for weight loss, like my father, to focus on meat and skip the potatoes.

Fish is very different from my perspective working in agriculture. I could care less about fish dying a humane death. I only care about the fatty acid composition and luckily wild fish is fairly easy for me to find.

Post new comment

The content of this field is kept private and will not be shown publicly.
  • Web page addresses and e-mail addresses turn into links automatically.
  • Allowed HTML tags: <a> <em> <strong> <cite> <ul> <ol> <li> <dl> <dt> <dd>
  • Lines and paragraphs break automatically.

More information about formatting options

By submitting this form, you accept the Mollom privacy policy.